Assessment Tools (Depressive Symptoms)

Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (link)

Adults

Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D Scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement.

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Geriatric Depression Scale (link)

Older Adults

Yesavage, J. A., Brink, T. L., Rose, T. L., Lum, O., Huang, V., Adey, M., & Leirer, V. O. (1983). Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. Journal of psychiatric research, 17(1), 37-49.

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Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form (link)

Older Adults (55+)

Greenberg, S. A. (2007). How to try this: The geriatric depression scale: Short form. AJN The American Journal of Nursing, 107(10), 60-69.

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Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression - HRSD (link)

Adults

Hamilton, M. (1960). A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry.

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Montgomery-Asterg Depression Rating Scale - MADRS (link)

Adults

Montgomery, S. A., & Åsberg, M. (1979). A new depression scale designed to be sensitive to change. The British Journal of Psychiatry.

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Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (link)

Adults

Zung, W. W. (1965). A self-rating depression scale. Archives of General Psychiatry.

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Patient Health Questionnaire 9 - PHQ-9  (link)

Adults

Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B., Kroenke, K., Linzer, M., deGruy 3rd, F. V., Hahn, S. R., ... & Johnson, J. G. (1994). Utility of a new procedure for diagnosing mental disorders in primary care. The PRIME-MD 1000 study. JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association, 272(22), 1749.

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Patient Health Questionnaire 4 - PHQ-4  (link)

Adults

Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R. L., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2009). An ultra-brief screening scale for anxiety and depression: the PHQ-4. Psychosomatics, 50(6), 613.

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Depression Anxiety Stress Scales - DASS-21  (link)

17+

Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour Research and Therapy.

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Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale - HADS  (link)

Adults

Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta psychiatrica scandinavica, 67(6), 361-370.

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